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Are you looking for a drug-free, instant and non-invasive solution to period pain? TENS might be just right for you!

Menstrual pain (dysmenorrhea) – what is it?

Menstrual pain is also known as dysmenorrhea or period pain. The term dysmenorrhea is Greek for painful menstruation. It is generally classified into two groups: primary and secondary.

Primary dysmenorrhea is the common form of menstrual cramps. It is caused by a substance called prostaglandin – made by cells in the inner lining of the uterus. Prostaglandin makes uterine muscles contract in order to help shed the lining built up during the menstrual cycle. Too much prostaglandin causes painful menstruation. Further amounts can cause headaches, nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea.

Secondary dysmenorrhea is less common. It occurs after a woman has already had normal menstrual cycles for some time. It is caused by an abnormality or infection of the uterus, tubes or ovaries. The pain, although similar to menstrual cramps, lasts longer and can even occur at other stages of the menstrual cycle. Treatment can even involve surgery.

What is TENS?

TENS stands for Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation. It is a non-invasive device that works by sending electrical signals into our nervous system reducing its ability to send painful signals to our brain. No signals, no pain. Clever, right?

TENS can be used as part of the treatment and management of certain women’s health issues such as:

  • painful menstruation
  • pelvic pain associated with endometriosis
  • overactive bladder
  • faecal incontinence

TENS is also well known as an option for pain management during labour.

Benefits of TENS

TENS is a highly effective way of:

  • Releasing beta-endorphin and creating a sense of well-being and relaxation – thus reducing tension and tension related pain
  • Producing maximum pain gating impact – to help reduce the pain of abdominal cramps and back pain
  • Relieving joint and muscle pain
  • Regulating excessive uterine muscle contractions (cramps)

How does TENS help with menstrual pain?

TENS is ideal for the treatment of painful menstruation. It is non-invasive and drug-free.

When the machine is switched on, small electrical impulses are delivered to the affected area of your body, which you feel as a tingling sensation.

The electrical impulses can reduce the pain signals going to the spinal cord and brain, which may help relieve pain and relax muscles. They may also stimulate the production of endorphins, which are the body’s natural painkillers.

How to use TENS

When using TENS for period cramps, place the electrodes evenly spaced over the lower abdomen or in a box shape over the lower back. Make sure the machine is switched off before you attach the pads to your skin. Position the pads either side of the painful area, at least 2.5cm (1 inch) apart.


Current research suggest wearing TENS for minimum of 4 hours to reach cumulative endogenous effect. Initially, the stimulation will feel a little uncomfortable, but as times passes your body will get used to it and then you can turn it up.

TENS machines are small and lightweight, so you can use them while working or on the move. You can put it in your pocket, clip it to your belt or hold it in your hand. What not to love?

Are there any risks of side effects?

For most people, TENS is a safe treatment with no side effects.

Some people may be allergic to the pads and their skin may become red and irritated. Speak to your GP or physiotherapist if you have concerns. You may need to take a short break from using TENS. Special pads are available for people with allergies.

TENS is not safe for everyone to use. Do not use it without first getting medical advice if:

  • you have a pacemaker or another type of electrical or metal implant in your body
  • you’re pregnant, or there’s a chance you might be pregnant – TENS may not be recommended early in pregnancy
  • you have epilepsy or a heart problem

If your period cramps have a negative impact on your day-to-day life have a chat with your local women’s health physio to see if TENS might be the right option for you.

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